Which of the following is considered a type of loan that does not involve federal backing?

Conventional loans are considered a type of loan that does not involve federal backing. These loans are typically offered by private lenders and are designed to meet certain guidelines set by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, which are private entities. Because they are not insured or guaranteed by the federal government, they generally have stricter credit requirements, and borrowers may need to provide a larger down payment compared to government-backed loans.

Unlike conventional loans, direct loans, federal student loans, and some private loans may involve federal backing or support in terms of guarantees or funding. This distinction is key in understanding the nature of lending options available to borrowers and how they can impact eligibility, interest rates, and overall costs.